Impact rotary wrench

ABSTRACT

The tool is provided with a spindle-anvil rotating on supports in a housing, and a casing resting with its both end faces on said spindle-anvil. Mounted on the casing is a driving member used for imparting a motion to a hammer mounted in the housing and imparting an operating rotary motion to the spindle-anvil.

United States Patent Volovich et al.

[111 3,830,316 Aug. 20,1974

[54] IMPACT ROTARY WRENCH [76] Inventors: Vladimir Ruvimovich Volovich,

Liteing prospekt 9 kv. 36; Anatoly lsaakovich Rabinov, Novocherkassky prospekt 68 kv. 50; Vladimir Vasilievich Rutsky, ulitsa Kosinova 7 kvv l0; Valery lvanovich Jutkevich, ulitsa 7 kv. 10, all of Leningrad, U.S.S.R.

[22] Filed: Mar. 10, 1972 [21] Appl. No.: 233,456

[52] US. Cl. 173/93 [51] Int. Cl B25d 15/00 [58] Field of Search 173/93, 94, 93.5, 100,

[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,718,803 9/1955 Jimerson l73/93.5

2,784,819 3/1957 Reynolds 175/935 2,974,409 3/1961 Ghinazzi 74/219 X 3,180,185 4/1965 Schmidt et a1... 173/93 3,207,237 9/1965 Wanne l73/93.5

FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 225,800 l/l969 U.S.S.R 173/93 Primary ExaminerFrank L. Abbott Assistant Examiner-William F. Pate, lIl Attorney, Agent, or FirmEric H. Waters [5 7 ABSTRACT The tool is provided with a spindle-anvil rotating on supports in a housing, and a casing resting with its both end faces on said spindle-anvil. Mounted on the casing is a driving member used for imparting a motion to a hammer mounted in the housing and imparting an operating rotary motion to the spindle-anvil.

8 Claims, 8 Drawing Figures IMPACT ROTARY WRENCH The present invention relates to locksmiths and assembly equipment and, more particularly, to mechanized tools designed for carrying out locksmiths and assembly work.

The present invention can be most effectively used for assembling and disassembling thread joints; at the same time, it can be equally successfully used as a driving device for drilling openings, threading, as well as in mechanisms used for fixing and displacing workpieces, such as vices, strainers, jacks, etc.

Presently known in the art are mechanized tools comprising a spindle-anvil disposed on a support in a housing and a rotary hammer actuated by a driving member, imparting an operating rotary motion to said spindle and so mounted that it can rock on an axle in the casing resting with its one end face on the spindleanvil. In such tools the driving member is made as a bushing which at one side is coupled with the shaft of a motor, and is provided at the other end portion with a guide entering the easing to impart a rotary motion to the hammer and to bring the latter out of contact with the spindle-anvil after a percussion, the other free end portion of the spindle-anvil resting on said bushing (cf. U.S. Pat. No. 2,718,803; or British Pat. No. 540,329).

This disposition of the driving member bushing with the guide results in that one of the supports of the spindle-anvil is not rigid, which causes a quick damage of the hammer and the spindle during their collision. Besides, it also results in a considerably greater length of the tool and, consequently, an increased weight, all this being undesirable for a manual mechanized too]. With this disposition of the tool components, in order to perform tightening or loosening of thread joints with the aid of one and the same tool, it is absolutely necessary to provide the latter with a reversible motor or mechanism, which makes much more complicated and heavier the tool, particularly in the case of use of a pneumatic drive.

It is an object of the present invention to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a mechanized tool that would be reliable in operation and have a long service life.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a tool that would be simple in design and convenient in service.

Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a tool that would have minimal over-all dimensions and weight.

This task is accomplished by that in a mechanized tool comprising a spindle-anvil disposed on a support in a housing and a rotary hammer actuated by a driving member, imparting a rotary motion to the spindle-anvil and so mounted that it can rock on an axle in a casing resting with its one end face on said spindle, according to the present invention, said driving member is disposed directly on the outer surface of the casing whose other end face also rests on the spindle-anvil provided with a second auxiliary support disposed in the housing. This constructive embodiment of the driving member makes it possible to prolong the service life and to raise the reliability of the tool, as in this case the spindle is rigidly mounted on two supports in the housing, and the casing rests rigidly with its both end faces on thespindie. At the same time, owing to the disposition of the driving member directly on the casing, the over-all dimensions and weight of the tool are decreased, its design is simplified, and its servicing becomes more convenient. This disposition of the driving member provides for a still greater decrease in the over-all dimensions of the tool and more convenient servicing.

It is expedient to make operative both end portions of the spindle, in which case it is possible to dispense with an auxiliary reversible motor or mechanism when using the tool forboth tightening and loosening thread joints. This solution of the task allows to make the structure still lighter and the design simpler, particuwhich interact with the percutor to impart to the latter a rotary motion and to disengage it from a gear mounted on the shaft of the motor. This makes easier the manufacture of the tool and, in the case of the symmetrical disposition of the projections, enables the mechanism to transmit a rotary motion in both directions irrespective of the presence of the two operating end portions of the spindle.

It seems most expedient to fashion the driving member as a toothed rim loosely mounted on the casing and engaged with a gear mounted on the shaft of the motor. This embodiment ensures a maximal compactness and reliability of the transmission of motion from the motor to the the driving member.

However, in order to reduce the dynamic loads acting on the motor, it is expedient, in certain cases, to make the driving member as a pulley loosely mounted on the casing and coupled by means of a belt with another'pulley mounted on the shaft of the motor.

' With the driving member made integral with the easing, the former may be fashioned as a toothed rim engaged with a gear mounted on the shaft of the motor, in which case the mechanism will be most compact.

In case it is necessary to reduce the dynamic loads acting on the motor, the casing which is essentially the pulley coupled by means of the belt with the other pulley mounted on the shaft of the motor, should be used as the driving member.

To make the present invention readily understood, the following exemplary embodiments thereof are given with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 shows a general view of the tool, with a partial section;

FIG. 2 is a section taken along line ll--Il of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a section taken along line lllIll of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 shows another variant of the embodiment of the driving member used in the tool shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. shows another variant of the embodiment of the tool according to the present invention, with a partial section.

FIG. 6 is a section taken along line VIVI of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a section taken along line VIIVII of FIG.

FIG. 8 shows another variant of the embodiment of the driving member used in the tool shown in FIG. 5.

The tool comprises a housing 1 (FIG. 1) accomodating a casing 2 which lodges an axle 3 mounting a hammer 4, the latter actuating a spindle-anvil 5 disposed in the housing 1. The casing 2 is rotated by a motor 6 via a driving member 7.

The spindle-anvil 5 is mounted on two supports 8 and 9 disposed in the housing 1. The casing 2 rests on the spindle with its both end faces through the intermediary of bearings 10 and 11. The driving member 7, which is essentially a toothed rim 12, is disposed on the outer surface of the casing 2 and is made integral therewith. The rim 12 is engaged with a gear 13 mounted on a shaft 14 of the motor 6.

This disposition of the driving member and the employment of the two rigid supports 8 and 9 allows to make operative both end portions of the spindle-anvil 5 and to provide them with shanks 15 and 16 that are connected with the working member, such as a wrench fitted onto a nut.

The spindle-anvil 5 has a tooth 17 (FIG. 2) resisting percussions delivered by a projection 18 provided on the internal surface of the percutor 4 when the latter is being rotated alongside with the casing 2 by the toothed rim 12.

In order to provide for a further rotation of the percutor 4 after the delivery of a percussion, the projection 18 of the hammer 4 should be brought out of contact with the tooth 17, for which purpose mounted in the casing 2 on an axle 19 is a twisting spring 20, one end portion 21 of the spring thrusting against the hammer 4 and its other end portion 22 thrusting against the casing at the internal side thereof. In order to effect another collision of the tooth 17 with the projection 18, the hammer 4 is provided with a butt-end projection 23 (FIG. 3) sliding along a shaped path 24 made in the external surface of the spindle-anvil 5 near the tooth 17.

In order to decrease the dynamic loads acting on the motor, the casing 2 proper, which is essentially a pulley 25 (FIG. 4) connected by means of a belt 26 with another pulley 27 mounted on the shaft 14 of the motor 6, may serve as the driving member 7.

To make easier the manufacture of the tool, and to make it possible to transmit rotation in both directions irrespective of the presence of the two operating end portions of the spindle-anvil, the driving member 7 may be fashioned as a toothed rim 28 (FIG. 5) loosely mounted on the external surface of the casing 2 and engaged with the gear 13 mounted on the shaft 14 of the motor 6. In order to preclude displacement of the toothed rim 28 along the casing 2 towards the percutor, a stop ring 29 is mounted on the toothed rim.

The spindle-anvil 5 has a projection 30 (FIG. 6) provided with two contact surfaces 31 and 32 resisting precussions delivered by projections 33 and 34 made on the internal surface of the percutor 4. Provided on the butt-end face of the hammer 4, at the side of the toothed rim 28 is a projection 35 (FIG. 7) interacting with a shaped projection 36 or a shaped projection 37, provided on the butt-end face of the toothed rim 28 at the side of diposition of the percutor 4. The projection 36 is used for bringing the surface 31 of the projection 30 out of contact with the projection 33 of the hammer 4 after a percussion. The projection 37 is used for bringing the surface 32 of the projection 30 out of contact with the projection 34 of the hammer 4 after a percussion when the hammer and the casing are rotating in opposite directions. The projections 36 and 37 are used, at the same time, for preventing the displacement of the toothed rim 28 along the casing 2 in the direction opposite to that towards the percutor.

In order to decrease the dynamic loads acting on the motor 6, the driving member 7 may be fashioned as a pulley 38 (FIG. 8) loosely mounted on the casing 2 and connected by means of a belt 39 with another pulley 40 mounted on the shaft 14 of the motor 6.

The mechanized tool functions as follows.

Prior to the mechanized tool operation the working member, for instance a wrench fitted onto a nut during tightening of thread joints, is connected to one of the shanks 15 and 16 of the spindle-anvil 5.

Thereupon, the motor 6 is switched-on, and from the shaft 14 the rotation is transmitted via the gear 13 and the toothed rim 12 to the casing 2 and the hammer 4.

With a percussion delivered by the projection 18 upon the tooth 17, the hammer and the casing are stopped, and the kinetic energy accumulated during the hammer rotation is transmitted to the spindle-anvil, thereby effecting transmission of the operating motion (for example, tightening a thread joint), the butt-end 23 occupying at this moment a position under the beginning of the shaped path 24. After a percussion the hammer turns clockwise about the axle 3 under the action of the spring 20 (FIG. 2), the projection 18 disengages the tooth l7, and the butt-end projection 23 approaches the shaped path 24. Then, the hammer 4 and the casing 2 are accelerated anew. At the beginning of the acceleration the butt-end projection 23 slides along the shaped path 24, thereby turning the hammer 4 counter-clockwise about the axle 3, which ensures another collision of the projection 18 with the tooth 17, whereupon the cycle is repeated.

In case the casing proper, which is essentially a pulley (FIG. 4), serves as the driving member, the operation of the mechanized tool is similar to the afore-described one.

If the driving member is loosely mounted on the case (FIG. 5), the mechanized tool, with the motor 6 switched-on, functions as follows:

the motor imparts rotation via the gear 13 to the toothed rim 28. With the rim rotating in the clockwise direction (FIGS. 6 and 7), the shaped projection 36 thrusts against the projection 35, thereby imparting rotation to the hammer 4 and the casing 2. After the projection 33 has delivered a percussion upon the surface.

31, the hammer is stopped and the kinetic energy accumulated by it is transferred to the anvil to transmit the operating motion (for instance, tightening of a thread joint). After the percussion, as the shaped projection 36 acts on the projection 35, the hammer 4 turns clockwise about the axle 3, and the projection 33 disengages the surface 31, whereupon the hammer 4 and the casing 2 are accelerated anew. At this moment, due to the interaction of the internal surface of the hammer with the projection 30, the former turns counter-clockwise, and there takes place another percussion delivered by the projection 33 upon the surface 31.

With the motor of the toothed rim 28 rotating in the opposite (counter-clockwise) direction, the shaped projection 37, the projection 34 and the surface 32 participate in the operation, whereas in the rest the operation of the mechanized tool is identical to the abovedescribed one.

In case the driving member is fashioned as the pulley 38 loosely mounted on the casing (FIG. 8), the mechanized tool functions in a manner similar to that when the driving member is made as the toothed rim 28.

What we claim is:

l. A mechanized tool for carrying out locksmiths and assembly work, comprising a housing; supports disposed in said housing; a spindle-anvil mounted in said supports; a casing installed in said housing and resting with their both end faces on said spindle-anvil; an axle secured in said casing; a hammer mounted on said axle so as to be rockable; a driving member disposed directly on the external surface of the casing; and motor means mounted on a drive shaft extending in parallel spaced relationship with said hammer-mounting axle driving said drive member, said drive member imparting a rotary motion to said hammer imparting an operating rotary motion to said spindle-anvil.

2. A tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein both end portions of the spindle-anvil are mounted on said supports to extend out of the housing and are provided with shanks for connection to the operating member.

3. A tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein the driving element is made integral with the casing provided with a spring, one end of which is fixed to the casing and the other bears against the hammer to bring it out of contact with the spindle after a percussion.

4. A tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein the driving member is loosely mounted on the casing and is provided with shaped buttend projections interacting with the hammer to impart a rotary motion to the latter and to bring it out of contact with the spindle after a percussion.

5. A tool as claimed in claim 4, wherein the driving member is fashioned as a toothed rim provided with said butt-end projections loosely mounted on the casing and engaged with a gear mounted on the shaft of the motor.

6. A tool as claimed in claim 4, wherein the driving member is made as a pulley provided with said butt-end projections loosely mounted on the casing and engaged with a gear mounted on the shaft of the motor.

7. A tool as claimed in claim 3,-wherein the driving member is provided directly on the casing and is made as a toothed rim engaged with a gear mounted on the shaft of the motor.

8. A tool as claimed in claim 3, wherein the casing which is essentially the pulley connected by means of the belt with the other pulley mounted on the shaft of the motor, serves as the driving member. 

1. A mechanized tool for carrying out locksmith''s and assembly work, comprising a housing; supports disposed in said housing; a spindle-anvil mounted in said supports; a casing installed in said housing and resting with their both end faces on said spindle-anvil; an axle secured in said casing; a hammer mounted on said axle so as to be rockable; a driving member disposed directly on the external surface of the casing; and motor means mounted on a drive shaft extending in parallel spaced relationship with said hammer-mounting axle driving said drive member, said drive member imparting a rotary motion to said hammer imparting an operating rotary motion to said spindleanvil.
 2. A tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein both end portions of the spindle-anvil are mounted on said supports to extend out of the housing and are provided with shanks for connection to the operating member.
 3. A tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein the driving element is made integral with The casing provided with a spring, one end of which is fixed to the casing and the other bears against the hammer to bring it out of contact with the spindle after a percussion.
 4. A tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein the driving member is loosely mounted on the casing and is provided with shaped buttend projections interacting with the hammer to impart a rotary motion to the latter and to bring it out of contact with the spindle after a percussion.
 5. A tool as claimed in claim 4, wherein the driving member is fashioned as a toothed rim provided with said butt-end projections loosely mounted on the casing and engaged with a gear mounted on the shaft of the motor.
 6. A tool as claimed in claim 4, wherein the driving member is made as a pulley provided with said butt-end projections loosely mounted on the casing and engaged with a gear mounted on the shaft of the motor.
 7. A tool as claimed in claim 3, wherein the driving member is provided directly on the casing and is made as a toothed rim engaged with a gear mounted on the shaft of the motor.
 8. A tool as claimed in claim 3, wherein the casing which is essentially the pulley connected by means of the belt with the other pulley mounted on the shaft of the motor, serves as the driving member. 